Python Strings

Strings are sequences of characters enclosed in single, double, or triple quotes. They are one of the most commonly used data types in Python for storing and manipulating text.

Creating Strings

You can create strings using single quotes, double quotes, or triple quotes for multi-line strings.

Explanation of Code:

Single and double quotes can be used interchangeably. Triple quotes are useful for multi-line strings or strings that contain both single and double quotes.

# Single quotes
single_quoted_string = 'Hello, World!'

# Double quotes
double_quoted_string = "Hello, World!"

# Triple quotes (multi-line string)
triple_quoted_string = """Hello,
World!"""

Accessing Characters in a String

You can access individual characters in a string using indexing. Python uses zero-based indexing.

Explanation of Code:

The index 0 accesses the first character, and the index 7 accesses the eighth character in the string.

text = "Hello, World!"
print(text[0])  # Output: H
print(text[7])  # Output: W

Slicing Strings

You can extract a substring from a string using slicing.

Explanation of Code:

The slice 0:5 extracts characters from index 0 to 4, and the slice 7: extracts characters from index 7 to the end of the string.

text = "Hello, World!"
print(text[0:5])  # Output: Hello
print(text[7:])   # Output: World!

String Methods

Python provides several built-in methods for string manipulation.

1. upper() – Converts all characters to uppercase.

Explanation of Code:

Converts all characters in the string to uppercase.

text = "Hello, World!"
print(text.upper())  # Output: HELLO, WORLD!

2. lower() – Converts all characters to lowercase.

Explanation of Code:

Converts all characters in the string to lowercase.

text = "Hello, World!"
print(text.lower())  

3. strip() – Removes leading and trailing whitespace.

Explanation of Code:

Removes any leading and trailing spaces from the string.

text = "  Hello, World!  "
print(text.strip())  # Output: Hello, World!

4. replace() – Replaces a substring with another substring.

Explanation of Code:

Replaces occurrences of the substring “World” with “Python”.

text = "Hello, World!"
print(text.replace("World", "Python"))  # Output: Hello, Python!

5. split() – Splits a string into a list of substrings based on a delimiter.

Explanation of Code:

Splits the string at each comma, returning a list of substrings.

text = "Hello, World!"
print(text.split(","))  # Output: ['Hello', ' World!']

String Formatting

Python Provides multiple ways to format strings.

1. Using the + operator:

Explanation of Code:

Concatenates strings using the + operator and converts the integer age to a string.

name = "Alice"
age = 25
text = "Name: " + name + ", Age: " + str(age)
print(text)  # Output: Name: Alice, Age: 25

2. Using the format() method:

Explanation of Code:

Uses the format() method to insert name and age into the string placeholders {}.

name = "Alice"
age = 25
text = "Name: {}, Age: {}".format(name, age)
print(text)  # Output: Name: Alice, Age: 25

3. Using f-strings (Python 3.6+):

Explanation of Code:

Uses f-strings for inline variable interpolation, making the code more readable.

name = "Alice"
age = 25
text = f"Name: {name}, Age: {age}"
print(text)  # Output: Name: Alice, Age: 25

Python Strings Example Code

Explanation of Code:

This program creates a string and demonstrates various operations such as accessing characters, slicing, using string methods, and formatting strings.

# Create a string
text = " Hello, World! "

# Accessing characters
print("First character:", text[1])

# Slicing
print("Substring:", text[1:6])

# String methods
print("Uppercase:", text.upper())
print("Lowercase:", text.lower())
print("Strip:", text.strip())
print("Replace:", text.replace("World", "Python"))
print("Split:", text.split(","))

# String formatting
name = "Alice"
age = 25
formatted_text = f"Name: {name}, Age: {age}"
print("Formatted String:", formatted_text)

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