Linux is a versatile, open-source operating system known for its security, efficiency, and customization. It powers everything from servers and embedded systems to desktops and mobile devices. Unlike proprietary alternatives, Linux gives users full control over their environment.
Why Use Linux?
Linux stands out for several reasons:
- Reliable Performance – Stable under heavy workloads, making it ideal for servers.
- Security – Strong user permissions and fewer vulnerabilities compared to other systems.
- Flexibility – Comes in various distributions (
Ubuntu,Debian,Fedora), allowing users to pick one that suits their needs. - Open-Source Advantage – Free to use and modify, with a supportive community providing continuous improvements.
Understanding the Linux File System
Linux organizes files in a structured hierarchy, starting from the root (/):
/home– Stores user-specific files and settings./etc– Holds configuration files for system applications./bin– Contains essential command-line utilities./var– Stores logs and dynamic system data.
Basic Linux Commands
Linux is operated primarily through the terminal. Here are some essential commands to get started:
Linux
x
ls # Lists files and directories cd # Changes directory pwd # Displays the current path mkdir # Creates a new directory rm -r # Deletes files or directories touch # Creates an empty file echo "Hello, Linux!" > file.txt # Writes text into a file cat file.txt # Displays file content 