PHP Operators - PHP Tutorial

Operators in PHP are essential tools for performing operations on variables and values. They make it possible to calculate, compare, assign, or manipulate data. These operators are divided into distinct groups to cater to specific functions.

PHP Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators allow you to perform mathematical calculations.

Operator	Name	Example	Result
`+`	Addition	`$yamaha + $honda`	Sum of `$yamaha` and `$honda`
`-`	Subtraction	`$yamaha - $honda`	Difference between `$yamaha` and `$honda`
`*`	Multiplication	`$yamaha * $honda`	Product of `$yamaha` and `$honda`
`/`	Division	`$yamaha / $honda`	Quotient of `$yamaha` divided by `$honda`
`%`	Modulus	`$yamaha % $honda`	Remainder of `$yamaha` divided by `$honda`
`**`	Exponentiation	`$yamaha ** $honda`	`$yamaha` raised to the power of `$honda`

PHP Assignment Operators

These operators assign values to variables. The = operator is the simplest form of assignment.

Operator	Same as…	Description
`=`	`$bmw = $audi`	Assigns the value of `$audi` to `$bmw`
`+=`	`$bmw += $audi`	Adds `$audi` to `$bmw` and assigns the result to `$bmw`
`-=`	`$bmw -= $audi`	Subtracts `$audi` from `$bmw` and assigns the result to `$bmw`
`*=`	`$bmw *= $audi`	Multiplies `$bmw` by `$audi` and assigns the result to `$bmw`
`/=`	`$bmw /= $audi`	Divides `$bmw` by `$audi` and assigns the quotient to `$bmw`
`%=`	`$bmw %= $audi`	Assigns the remainder of `$bmw` divided by `$audi`

PHP Comparison Operators

Comparison operators compare values, either numeric or string.

Operator	Name	Example	Result
`==`	Equal	`$nike == $puma`	`true` if `$nike` equals `$puma`
`===`	Identical	`$nike === $puma`	`true` if `$nike` equals `$puma` and are of the same type
`!=`	Not Equal	`$nike != $puma`	`true` if `$nike` is not equal to `$puma`
`<>`	Not Equal	`$nike <> $puma`	`true` if `$nike` is not equal to `$puma`
`!==`	Not Identical	`$nike !== $puma`	`true` if `$nike` is not equal to `$puma` or not the same type
`>`	Greater Than	`$nike > $puma`	`true` if `$nike` is greater than `$puma`
`<`	Less Than	`$nike < $puma`	`true` if `$nike` is less than `$puma`

PHP Increment/Decrement Operators

Increment/Decrement operators adjust a variable’s value by one.

Operator	Description	Example
`++$adidas`	Pre-increment	Increment `$adidas` by 1, then return `$adidas`
`$adidas++`	Post-increment	Return `$adidas`, then increment it by 1
`--$adidas`	Pre-decrement	Decrement `$adidas` by 1, then return `$adidas`
`$adidas--`	Post-decrement	Return `$adidas`, then decrement it by 1

PHP Logical Operators

Logical operators combine multiple conditional statements.

Operator	Name	Example	Result
`and`	And	`$toyota and $nissan`	`true` if both `$toyota` and `$nissan` are true
`or`	Or	`$toyota or $nissan`	`true` if at least one is true
`!`	Not	`!$toyota`	`true` if `$toyota` is false

PHP String Operators

String operators are used for manipulating strings.

Operator	Name	Example	Result
`.`	Concatenation	`$brand1 . $brand2`	Combines `$brand1` and `$brand2` into a single string
`.=`	Concatenation Assignment	`$brand1 .= $brand2`	Appends `$brand2` to `$brand1`

PHP Array Operators

Array operators allow comparisons between arrays or their combination.

Operator	Name	Example	Result
`+`	Union	`$toyota + $honda`	Combines arrays `$toyota` and `$honda`, keeping unique keys
`==`	Equality	`$toyota == $honda`	Returns `true` if `$toyota` and `$honda` have the same key-value pairs
`===`	Identity	`$toyota === $honda`	Returns `true` if `$toyota` and `$honda` are identical in type and order
`!=`	Inequality	`$toyota != $honda`	Returns `true` if `$toyota` is not equal to `$honda`
`<>`	Inequality	`$toyota <> $honda`	Returns `true` if `$toyota` is not equal to `$honda`
`!==`	Non-identity	`$toyota !== $honda`	Returns `true` if `$toyota` and `$honda` are not identical in type or order

PHP Conditional Assignment Operators

These operators allow assignment based on conditions.

Operator	Name	Example	Result
`?:`	Ternary	`$bmw = ($audi > 10) ? $audi : $toyota`	If `$audi > 10`, assigns `$audi` to `$bmw`; otherwise assigns `$toyota`
`??`	Null Coalescing	`$bmw = $audi ?? $toyota`	Assigns `$audi` to `$bmw` if `$audi` exists and is not `NULL`; otherwise assigns `$toyota`

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