Go Ouput Funtions

In Go, there are three primary functions for printing output: Print(), Println(), and Printf(). These functions allow you to display data and messages in the console with varying levels of formatting.

The Print() Function

The Print() function outputs its arguments using their default format without adding spaces or newlines.

Example:

This program demonstrates printing two strings side by side:

package main

import ("fmt")

func main() {
  var yamaha, honda string = "Speed", "Thrills"

  fmt.Print(yamaha)
  fmt.Print(honda)
}

package main

​

import ("fmt")

​

func main() {

  var yamaha, honda string = "Speed", "Thrills"

​

  fmt.Print(yamaha)

  fmt.Print(honda)

}

Result:

SpeedThrills

SpeedThrills

Example:

To print each argument on a new line, you can use \n:

package main

import ("fmt")

func main() {
  var yamaha, honda string = "Speed", "Thrills"

  fmt.Print(yamaha, "\n")
  fmt.Print(honda, "\n")
}

package main

​

import ("fmt")

​

func main() {

  var yamaha, honda string = "Speed", "Thrills"

​

  fmt.Print(yamaha, "\n")

  fmt.Print(honda, "\n")

}

Result:

Speed
Thrills

Speed

Thrills

Example:

Alternatively, one Print() can be used to display multiple variables:

package main

import ("fmt")

func main() {
  var yamaha, honda string = "Speed", "Thrills"

  fmt.Print(yamaha, "\n", honda)
}

package main

​

import ("fmt")

​

func main() {

  var yamaha, honda string = "Speed", "Thrills"

​

  fmt.Print(yamaha, "\n", honda)

}

Result:

Speed
Thrills

Speed

Thrills

Example:

To add a space between string arguments, include a space explicitly:

package main

import ("fmt")

func main() {
  var yamaha, honda string = "Speed", "Thrills"

  fmt.Print(yamaha, " ", honda)
}

package main

​

import ("fmt")

​

func main() {

  var yamaha, honda string = "Speed", "Thrills"

​

  fmt.Print(yamaha, " ", honda)

}

Result:

Speed Thrills

Speed Thrills

Example:

If the arguments are not strings, Print() automatically inserts a space:

package main

import ("fmt")

func main() {
  var yamaha, honda = 100, 200

  fmt.Print(yamaha, honda)
}

package main

​

import ("fmt")

​

func main() {

  var yamaha, honda = 100, 200

​

  fmt.Print(yamaha, honda)

}

Result:

100 200

100 200

The Println() Function

The Println() function is similar to Print() but automatically adds a space between its arguments and appends a newline at the end.

Example:

package main

import ("fmt")

func main() {
  var yamaha, honda string = "Speed", "Thrills"

  fmt.Println(yamaha, honda)
}

package main

​

import ("fmt")

​

func main() {

  var yamaha, honda string = "Speed", "Thrills"

​

  fmt.Println(yamaha, honda)

}

Result:

Speed Thrills

Speed Thrills

The Printf() Function

The Printf() function allows for advanced formatting of its arguments. It formats the input according to specific “verbs.”

Common Formatting Verbs:

• %v: Displays the value of the argument.
• %T: Displays the type of the argument.

Example:

package main

import ("fmt")

func main() {
  var yamaha string = "Speed"
  var honda int = 120

  fmt.Printf("yamaha has value: %v and type: %T\n", yamaha, yamaha)
  fmt.Printf("honda has value: %v and type: %T", honda, honda)
}

package main

​

import ("fmt")

​

func main() {

  var yamaha string = "Speed"

  var honda int = 120

​

  fmt.Printf("yamaha has value: %v and type: %T\n", yamaha, yamaha)

  fmt.Printf("honda has value: %v and type: %T", honda, honda)

}

Result:

yamaha has value: Speed and type: string
honda has value: 120 and type: int

yamaha has value: Speed and type: string

honda has value: 120 and type: int